RMS Voltage Calculator

Convert between RMS, Peak, Peak-to-Peak, and Average voltages for a pure sine wave.

Sinusoidal Input

Quick Guide

Sinusoidal Waveform Relationships

RMS (Root Mean Square): The DC equivalent voltage that delivers the same heating power. (e.g. 230V mains is RMS).

Peak ($V_p$): The maximum voltage reached from zero.

Peak-to-Peak (Vp-p): The total voltage swing from positive peak to negative peak.

Average (Vavg): The average over a half cycle (or full-wave rectified).

Formulas:

V_rms = V_peak × 0.7071
V_peak = V_rms × 1.414
V_p-p = V_peak × 2
V_avg = V_peak × 0.636