Fundamentals
Ohm's Law
Voltage, current & resistance
Inverter Calculator
Power & battery sizing
Voltage Divider
Resistor divider circuits
Pull-up / Pull-down
Digital logic resistors
Components
Resistor Color Code
Decode band colors
SMD Resistor Code
Surface-mount markings
Capacitor Code
Find capacitance values
LED Series Resistor
Current-limiting resistor
Wire & Networks
AWG Wire Gauge
American standard
SWG Wire Gauge
British/Indian standard
Star-Delta Conversion
3-phase networks
Power & Battery
Battery Backup Time
How long will it last
Battery Charging Time
Estimate charge time
Inverter Matching
Right inverter & battery
AC Load Calculator
Home power & cost
DC Load Calculator
Off-grid DC loads
Solar Calculator
Panel & battery sizing
Decoding the resistance value and tolerance of axial lead resistors with 3, 4, 5, or 6 color bands.
Select the number of bands and their colors to see the value
Hold the resistor with the larger gap or gold/silver band on the right side. This band represents the tolerance and is always the last band.